(x + y)^n: (x + y) ^n = x^n + (nx^n-1)y +...+ (n)C(r) (x^n-r)y^r +...+ nxy^n-1 + y^n.The coefficient of (x^n-r)y^r is given by a procedure known as combination: (n)C(r) = n! / (n-r)!r!.
The second is Pascal's Triangle, in which the first andlast number in each row is 1. Every other number in each row is formed by adding the two numbers immediately above the number. A basic illustration of Pascal's triangle is:
With this triangle, simply use the prior formula and correspond it with the amount of rows or n that is given in the problem.
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